getting started puppet modules.

getting started puppet modules.


Modules are self-contained bundles of code(each individual is manifest) and data.
REF : puppet
Nearly all Puppet manifests belong in modules.
deafault module directory : /etc/puppet/modules

1)puppet help module.
cmd : puppet help module

def : This subcommand can find, install, and manage modules from the Puppet Forge,
a repository of user-contributed Puppet code. It can also generate empty
modules, and prepare locally developed modules for release on the Forge.

USAGE: puppet module <action> [--environment production ]
[--modulepath $basemodulepath ]

2) module action.
ACTIONS:
  build        Build a module release package.
  changes      Show modified files of an installed module.
  generate     Generate boilerplate for a new module.
  install      Install a module from the Puppet Forge or a release archive.
  list         List installed modules
  search       Search the Puppet Forge for a module.
  uninstall    Uninstall a puppet module.
  upgrade      Upgrade a puppet module.

3) puppet module directory
module directory : /etc/puppet/modules

4) createing the boilerplate for your module
cmd : sudo puppet module generate my-voice
The below will render the metadata of the module my-voice
result :
{
  "name": "my-voice",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "author": "my",
  "summary": null,
  "license": "Apache 2.0",
  "source": "",
  "project_page": null,
  "issues_url": null,
  "dependencies": [
    {"name":"puppetlabs-stdlib","version_requirement":">= 1.0.0"}
  ]
}


5) list the puppet module.

cmd : sudo puppet module list

Warning: Missing dependency 'puppetlabs-stdlib':
  'my-voice' (v0.1.0) requires 'puppetlabs-stdlib' (>= 1.0.0)
/etc/puppet/modules
├── accounts (???)
└── my-voice (v0.1.0)

6) Install the module from the puppetlab
"puppetlabs-stdlib"
cmd : sudo puppet module install puppetlabs-stdlib
output :
Notice: Preparing to install into /etc/puppet/modules ...
Notice: Downloading from https://forgeapi.puppetlabs.com ...
Notice: Installing -- do not interrupt ...
/etc/puppet/modules
└── puppetlabs-stdlib (v4.11.0)

7) search puppet module in puppetlabs.
output :
Notice: Searching https://forgeapi.puppetlabs.com ...
NAME                   DESCRIPTION                                                                             AUTHOR        KEYWORDS
sharumpe-apache2       Module to manage Apache2 v2.4 in OpenSuSE 13.1                                          @sharumpe
puppetlabs-apache      Installs, configures, and manages Apache virtual hosts, web services, and modules.      @puppetlabs   web httpd rhel apache2 ssl wsgi proxy
nodes-php              Puppet module to manage PHP, PECL & PEAR on debian / ubuntu - easily expandable to ...  @nodes        php pecl pear apc curl gd ssh2 apache2 fpm
saz-php                UNKNOWN                                                                                 @saz          apache debian ubuntu php apache2 fpm cli
mstanislav-apache_yum  UNKNOWN

8) install puppetlabs-apache.
sudo puppet module install puppetlabs-apache

a) sudo puppet module install puppetlabs-apt
Notice: Preparing to install into /etc/puppet/modules ...
Notice: Downloading from https://forgeapi.puppetlabs.com ...
Notice: Installing -- do not interrupt ...
/etc/puppet/modules
└─┬ puppetlabs-apt (v2.2.2)
  └── puppetlabs-stdlib (v4.11.0)


9) puppet module upgrade.
cmd : sudo puppet module upgrade puppetlabs-apt

Could not generate directory puppet

Error: Could not generate directory "voice", you must specify a dash-separated username and module name.
Error: Try 'puppet help module generate' for usage.

cmd : sudo puppet module generate voice

solution :  sudo puppet module generate my-voice

getting started puppet manifest

getting started puppet manifest

1) check the default resources list for puppet.

cmd :
puppet resource [-h|--help] [-d|--debug] [-v|--verbose] [-e|--edit] [-p|--param parameter] [-t|--types] [-y|--to_yaml] type [name] [attribute=value ...]

REF : puppet

command : puppet resources --types

output :

augeas,computer,cron,exec,file,filebucket,group,host,interface,k5login,macauthorization,mailalias,maillist,mcx,mount,nagios_command
nagios_contact,nagios_contactgroup,nagios_host,nagios_hostdependency,nagios_hostescalation,nagios_hostextinfo,nagios_hostgroup,
nagios_service,nagios_servicedependency,nagios_serviceescalation,nagios_serviceextinfo,nagios_servicegroup,nagios_timeperiod
notify,package,resources,router,schedule,scheduled_task,selboolean,selmodule,service,ssh_authorized_key,sshkey,stage,tidy,user
vlan,whit,yumrepo,zfs,zone,zpool.

2) here in puppet, program are called as manifest.
ex : root.pp.

3) class can be defined as the resuseable component, can be called/used from any where.

def :

class classname {

puppet code

}

start puppet and check states of users

1)  start the puppet master.

cmd : systemctl start puppet

check process running on linux.
cmd : top (http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/show-all-running-processes-in-linux/)

How to check processor and cpu details on Linux
cmd : lscpu
----------------------'
1) puppet will tell state of user.
cmd : puppet resource user root.

output :

user { 'root':
  ensure           => 'present',
  comment          => 'root',
  gid              => '0',
  home             => '/root',
  password         => '!!!!!!',
  password_max_age => '99999',
  password_min_age => '0',
  shell            => '/bin/bash',
  uid              => '12',
}
2) change state of shell command from bash to sh.
a) create a mnifest of the root user.

cmd : sudo puppet resource user root > root.pp

b) save and open the manifest file.

user { 'root':
  ensure           => 'present',
  comment          => 'root',
  gid              => '0',
  home             => '/root',
  password         => '!!!!!!',
  password_max_age => '99999',
  password_min_age => '0',
  shell            => '/bin/sh',
  uid              => '12',
}

c) apply the manifest

puppet apply root.pp

d) now check state of the user again.

cmd : puppet resource user root.

user { 'root':
  ensure           => 'present',
  comment          => 'root',
  gid              => '0',
  home             => '/root',
  password         => '!!!!!!',
  password_max_age => '99999',
  password_min_age => '0',
  shell            => '/bin/sh',
  uid              => '12',
}


3) now if we want to just simulate and dont want to change the state.

cmd :

a) vim root.pp

user { 'root':
  .
  .
  shell            => '/bin/bash',
  .
}
b) puppet apply root.pp  --noop (it show what all the changes might happen to the state if we use it)

REF  :
1) note there is not much of difference in bash/sh
2) puppet

puppet Resource Types reference

puppet resource [options]

--help

'--genconfig'.

* --debug:
  Enable full debugging.

* --edit:
  Write the results of the query to a file, open the file in an editor,
  and read the file back in as an executable Puppet manifest.

* --host:
  When specified, connect to the resource server on the named host
  and retrieve the list of resouces of the type specified.

* --help:
  Print this help message.

* --param:
  Add more parameters to be outputted from queries.

* --types:
  List all available types.

* --verbose:
  Print extra information.


EXAMPLE
-------
This example uses `puppet resource` to return a Puppet configuration for
the user `root`:

    $ puppet resource user root
    user { 'root':
     home => '/home/root',
     uid => '100',
     ensure => 'present',
     comment => 'root comments',
     gid => '1000',
     shell => '/bin/bash',
     groups => ['sysadmin','audio','video','puppet']
    }

find puppet intalled in rhel linux

how to find the version  of puppet intalled in rhel linux

cmd : rpm -qa | grep puppet

puppetlabs-release-7-12.noarch
puppet-...x.noarch
puppet-server-x.x.x.x.noarch

puppet Stages for Configuration Management

puppet has Two Stages for Configuration Management
Puppet configures systems in two main stages:

Compile a catalog
Apply the catalog
What is a Catalog?
A catalog is a document that describes the desired system state for one specific computer. It lists all of the resources that need to be managed, as well as any dependencies between those resources.

To compile a catalog, Puppet uses several sources of information. For more info, see the pages on

1) basics of the Puppet language
2) catalog compilation

puppet labs

puppeet lab :

ref: puppet 

try the emulator for getting basic.

1) If we want to see resources available on root user of linux machine.
cmd : puppet resource <user> <name of the user>
ex :  puppet resource user root

output :

st $: puppet resource user root

user { 'root':
 ensure          => 'present',
 comment         => 'root',
 home            => '/root',
 password        => '$1$v4K9E8Wj$gZIHJ5JtQL5ZGZXeqSSsd0',
}

Puppet is describing the current state of the root user in DSL(domain specific language).

The first line is telling us the resource type,in this case user, that the title of this user resource is root.
Then Puppet is displaying a list of attributes that describe the configuration of the root user.

puppet Cheat Sheets and Glossary

puppet Cheat Sheets and Glossary

REF :

1)  Core Types Cheat Sheet
2) Module Cheat Sheet
3) Glossary

puppet for manage the configuration

what is puppet.
Puppet is designed to manage the configuration of Unix-like and Microsoft Windows systems decoratively.
The user describes system resources and their state.
ref : wikipedia 
puppet is not a scripting language.
since we are changing the state of a resource.